Iguanas are adaptable creatures that thrive in diverse environments, from tropical forests to deserts. They can also live in water. As ancient reptiles in the lizard family, they are recognized for their unique traits and strong defences. With a range of sizes and the ability to change colour, iguanas continue to captivate animal lovers.
Whether you’re a reptile enthusiast or just curious about these fascinating creatures, this guide offers an in-depth look at some of the most intriguing aspects of iguanas.
9 Interesting Facts About Iguanas
1: There Are 45 Different Iguana Species
There are 45 known species of iguanas, each varying in size, colour, and habitat. Notable species include the Lesser Antillean iguana, Fiji Crested iguana, Desert iguana, Utila spiny-tailed iguana, and Rhinoceros iguana.
The Green Iguana is the most recognized species in Central and South America. Another prominent iguana is the Grand Cayman iguana, or blue iguana, known for its vibrant blue colour. It is also the heaviest iguana species.
A fascinating species is the Galápagos marine iguana, or sea iguana, which is unique for its ability to swim underwater.
2: Iguanas Have a Third Eye
Iguanas have a unique feature: they possess three eyes. The “parietal eye,” or third eye, is located on top of the head. This specialized organ isn’t for vision but functions like a pale scale that senses light changes and movement. It helps iguanas detect potential threats from predators.
By using their third eye to monitor their environment constantly, iguanas can react quickly to danger and take necessary action to avoid it.
3: Iguanas Have a Long Lifespan
Iguanas have varying lifespans depending on the species, ranging from six to over 60 years. The Grand Cayman rock iguana has the longest lifespan, living between 25 and 40 years. Green iguanas typically live around eight years, while marine iguanas have the shortest lifespan of just over six years.
In the wild, iguanas face many challenges, such as predators and habitat destruction. In captivity, with these risks reduced, they tend to live longer, healthier lives.
4: Iguanas Hate the Cold
Iguanas are cold-blooded and require warm climates to thrive. They are more common in regions like Central America, South America, and the Caribbean islands.
When temperatures drop below 40°F (7°C), iguanas can suffer from muscle paralysis, making them avoid cold weather. As a result, they are less common in cooler areas like central and northern Florida.
In warmer locations like Miami, iguanas can often be seen basking in the sun to regulate their body temperature and absorb heat.
5: Iguanas Can Shed Their Tails and Skin
Iguanas can shed both their tail and skin when necessary. If a predator catches them, they can voluntarily detach their tail as a distraction to escape. If their tail is pinned or injured, they may shed it to break free and avoid further harm.
Skin shedding is also common, typically occurring at least once a year. Younger iguanas shed more frequently due to rapid growth. This process helps them remove old or damaged skin and replace it with fresh, new skin.
6: Iguanas Can Swim
Some iguanas possess impressive swimming skills and are able to thrive in both salt and freshwater. They can even stay submerged for up to four hours.
While most iguanas live on land, the sea iguana of the Galápagos Islands is different. It’s a marine reptile that forages in the ocean. Adult males can dive as deep as 100 feet, making them unique as the only lizards on earth known to live in water.
Marine iguanas can remain underwater for up to 30 minutes, though they usually limit their dives to just a few minutes.
7: Iguanas Can Run Very Fast
Iguanas are surprisingly fast runners despite having short legs. This remarkable speed is an evolutionary adaptation that helps them escape aerial predators.
The black spiny-tailed iguana, for example, can run up to 21 miles per hour. This agility is essential for evading threats and navigating their environment. It’s a key adaptation that allows iguanas to survive in various habitats while constantly facing the risk of being preyed upon.
8: Iguanas Can Communicate With Each Other
Iguanas communicate with physical gestures. In addition to making noises, they use body movements to convey messages. A common gesture is slow head bobbing, which typically serves as a greeting. On the other hand, rapid head bobbing indicates aggression and signals that the iguana is upset.
Iguanas also communicate through their eyes. When they close one eye, it signals comfort. This behaviour is common when the iguana feels relaxed but stays alert to monitor any changes in its environment.
9: Iguanas Love Vegetables
Iguanas have a varied diet, enjoying vegetables like peas, shredded carrots, bell peppers, and green beans. They also thrive on leafy greens, including lettuce and many vegetable plants, such as potatoes.
Though they are primarily herbivores, iguanas may occasionally consume insects. However, their main focus is on plant-based foods. Their diet is balanced to meet both their nutritional needs and natural preference for plants.
Conclusion
Iguanas are fascinating creatures, offering a world full of wonder. From the common green iguana to the striking blue iguana, these animals captivate us with their unique qualities. Their complex social structures and communication methods highlight their intelligence. Additionally, their remarkable speed for defence adds another layer to their intriguing nature, enhancing our admiration for their beauty.
FAQs
What are fun facts about iguanas?
- There are 45 different iguana species.
- Iguanas have a third eye on the top of their heads.
- They have a long lifespan, living up to 20 years in the wild.
- Iguanas dislike the cold and prefer warmer climates.
- Iguanas can shed both their tails and skin for defence.
- They are also capable swimmers.
- Iguanas can run very fast when needed.
- Iguanas communicate with each other using body language.
- They primarily love eating vegetables.
Do iguanas have three eyes?
Yes, iguanas have a third eye on top of their heads. This eye helps them detect predators from a distance.
How long do iguanas live?
Iguanas typically live for 15 to 20 years. However, the Blue Iguana can live for over 30 years.
How fast can an iguana run?
Iguanas can reach speeds of up to 21 miles per hour. The spiny-tail iguana holds the record as the world’s fastest lizard.
Can iguana swim?
Yes, iguanas are skilled swimmers. They can hold their breath and stay underwater for up to 28 minutes, relying on their lungs.